Discover how the software testing process, based on the ISTQB approach, transforms requirements into results, ensuring that every line of code meets expectations.
The ISTQB Foundation Level book provides a comprehensive view of the software testing process, addressing how it is set up and adapted to different development lifecycle models. In this article, we will understand the context and various activities that make up this process, which help identify what needs to be done at each step. Understanding these fundamentals is essential for any professional aiming to ensure software quality.
There is no universal software testing process applicable to all situations. Instead, the testing process adapts depending on various contextual factors, including:
| Lifecycle Models and Project Methodologies | The choice of software lifecycle (e.g., Agile, Waterfall, DevOps) influences the approach and structure of the testing process. |
| Testing Levels and Types | The combination of test unit, integration, system, and acceptance testing defines how testing activities are organized. |
| Product and Project Risks | Risks associated with software and projects impact the planning and focus of testing. |
| Business Domain | Industry-specific requirements may dictate certain testing needs and regulations. |
| Operational Constraints | Factors like budgets, timelines, and complexity affect how testing is conducted. |
| Organizational Policies and Practices | Internal and external standards influence the methodologies and testing standards applied. |
The testing process is organized into several groups of activities, each with specific tasks. These activities are often implemented iteratively, especially in Agile methodologies, although they can be organized sequentially in more traditional approaches.
Here is a summary of the testing activities presented in Chapter 1 of the ISTQB Foundation Level:
This defines the objectives and scope or focus for achieving these objectives, considering contextual constraints. It includes specifying testing techniques, formulating a testing schedule, and preparing for design and execution. Test plans are adjusted based on feedback obtained during monitoring and control.
Monitoring compares actual progress against the test plan using defined metrics, while control involves taking actions to adjust the testing process as needed. Exit criteria are evaluated to determine if testing objectives have been met or if further testing is required. Progress is communicated through test reports.
During analysis, the test basis (documentation) is reviewed to identify what needs to be tested and define test conditions. This analysis covers requirement specifications, design information, implementation, and risk analysis. Defects such as ambiguities and inconsistencies are identified, and test conditions are defined based on the test basis analysis.
Test design transforms test conditions into test cases and sets of test cases. It includes designing and prioritizing test cases, identifying necessary data, designing the test environment, and capturing traceability between the test basis, test conditions, and test cases.
Test implementation involves creating and preparing test products for execution. This includes developing test procedures or scripts (defined structure), organizing test sets, validating the test environment, and preparing the necessary data.
During execution, test cases are executed as per the established schedule. This includes recording test item versions, executing manual or automated tests, comparing results, and analyzing defects. Defects are reported, and test results are recorded.
Completion involves collecting data from testing activities to consolidate experience and test products. Defect reports are reviewed, test products (documents created at each phase) are stored and handed over to other teams, and lessons learned are analyzed to improve future projects.
In conclusion, Chapter 1 of ISTQB provides a solid foundation for understanding the software testing process, highlighting its importance in the quality of tests performed. By addressing key testing activities, this article emphasizes how a well-defined structure can be tailored to the specific needs of each project, adopting a comprehensive approach to testing activities. This not only improves efficiency but also contributes to the delivery of more robust and reliable software products.
To explore more about this article, I invite you to visit the following link where you can learn about each testing activity in detail according to ISTQB through a video: (https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=6_ZIVBV7yhg)
